Q.1) What is TCP/IP?
A. TCP/IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. It is a set of networking protocols used for communication on the internet and other similar networks.
Q.2) Explain the concept of OSI Model.
A. The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model is a conceptual framework used to understand network communication. It consists of seven layers, each responsible for different functions in data transmission.
Q.3) What is DNS?
A. DNS stands for Domain Name System. It translates domain names into IP addresses, allowing users to access websites using easy-to-remember names instead of numerical IP addresses.
Q.4) What is HTTP?
A. HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is the protocol used for transmitting and receiving webpages on the World Wide Web.
Q.5) Explain the difference between HTTP and HTTPS.
A. HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts data transferred between the browser and the server, providing a secure connection for online transactions and sensitive information.
Q.6) What is SSL/TLS?
A. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) are cryptographic protocols that provide secure communication over a computer network. They are commonly used to secure web transactions, email, and other data transfers.
Q.7) Explain the concept of a firewall.
A. A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet.
Q.8) What is a VPN?
A. A VPN (Virtual Private Network) extends a private network across a public network, allowing users to send and receive data securely over the internet as if their devices were directly connected to the private network.
Q.9) Define IP address.
A. An IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. It serves two main purposes: host or network interface identification and location addressing.
Q.10) What is a subnet mask?
A. A subnet mask is a 32-bit number used in conjunction with an IP address to divide the IP address into network and host portions. It helps determine which part of an IP address belongs to the network and which part belongs to the host
Q.11) What is a MAC address?
A. A MAC address, also known as a physical address, is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on the physical network segment.
Q.12) Explain the concept of DHCP.
A. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network management protocol used to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration parameters to devices on a network.
Q.13) What is NAT?
A. NAT (Network Address Translation) is a process used in routers to modify network address information in packet headers while in transit, often used to allow multiple devices on a network to share a single public IP address.
Q.14) Define Router.
A. A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. It operates at the network layer of the OSI model and is essential for routing traffic between different networks.
Q.15) What is a switch?
A. A switch is a networking device that connects devices together within a local area network (LAN), using packet switching to forward data to the appropriate destination device based on its MAC address.
Q.16) Explain the concept of VLAN.
A. VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) is a network segmentation technique that allows administrators to create logical groupings of devices within a physical network, improving network security, performance, and management.
Q.17) What is ICMP?
A. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is a network protocol used to send error messages and operational information between network devices, commonly used for diagnostic purposes such as ping and traceroute.
Q.18) Define FTP.
A. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server on a computer network, typically used for uploading, downloading, and managing files on remote servers.
Q.19) What is SSH?
A. SSH (Secure Shell) is a cryptographic network protocol used to establish secure communication channels over unsecured networks, enabling secure remote access to networked devices and services.
Q.20) Explain the concept of DNSSEC.
A. DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions) is a suite of security protocols used to add cryptographic integrity and authentication to the Domain Name System, helping to prevent DNS spoofing and other attacks on DNS data.
Q.21) What is RAID?
A. RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is a data storage technology that combines multiple physical disk drives into a single logical unit for the purposes of data redundancy, performance improvement, or both.
Q.22) Define API.
A. API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of rules, protocols, and tools that allows different software applications to communicate with each other, enabling developers to access the functionality of another application or service.
Q.23) What is a microservice architecture?
A. Microservice architecture is a software development approach that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled, independently deployable services, each responsible for a specific business function and communicating with other services through APIs.
Q.24) Explain the concept of RESTful APIs.
A. REST (Representational State Transfer) is an architectural style for designing networked applications, and RESTful APIs adhere to this style, using standard HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) to perform CRUD operations on resources.
Q.25) What is OAuth?
A. OAuth is an open-standard authorization protocol that allows users to grant third-party applications limited access to their resources without sharing their credentials, commonly used for authentication and authorization in web and mobile applications.
