Python’s map() Function

• function: The function to apply to each item of the iterable.
• iterable: The iterable (such as a list or tuple) to be mapped.

Example 1: Basic Usage

Let’s start with a simple example:

# Define a function to square a number
def square(x):
    return x ** 2

# Apply the function to each element of a list
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = map(square, numbers)
print(list(squared_numbers))  # Output: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]

Here, we define a function square() that squares a number. We then use map() to apply this function to each element of the list numbers, resulting in a new list squared_numbers.

Example 2: Using Lambda Functions

You can also use lambda functions with map():

# Use lambda function to double each element of a list
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
doubled_numbers = map(lambda x: x * 2, numbers)
print(list(doubled_numbers))  # Output: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

In this example, we use a lambda function to double each element of the list numbers.

Example 3: Applying map() to Multiple Iterables

map() can also be applied to multiple iterables:

# Add corresponding elements of two lists
list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [4, 5, 6]
sums = map(lambda x, y: x + y, list1, list2)
print(list(sums))  # Output: [5, 7, 9]

Here, we use map() with a lambda function to add corresponding elements of two lists list1 and list2.

Example 4: Handling Uneven Length Iterables

map() stops when the shortest iterable is exhausted:

list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [4, 5]
sums = map(lambda x, y: x + y, list1, list2)
print(list(sums))  # Output: [5, 7]

In this case, since list2 is shorter, map() stops after adding the first two elements of list1 and list2.

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